Pre-flight inspection — the 10-minute walkaround
Before each flight, the RPIC must perform a pre-flight inspection (14 CFR 107.15 + 107.49). A systematic 10-minute walkaround covers:
**1. Documents** — Remote Pilot Certificate, government photo ID, aircraft registration, any required waivers/authorizations.
**2. Airframe** — cracks, stress marks, antennas secure, landing gear intact, no loose screws.
**3. Propellers** — no nicks, cracks, or delamination. Correct rotational direction (CW vs CCW per motor). Properly torqued.
**4. Motors** — spin freely when turned by hand, no grinding or excessive play. Bearing condition.
**5. Batteries** — no swelling, puncture, or deformity. Voltage at nominal (typically 4.35V/cell for fresh LiPo). Connectors clean, locked in place.
**6. Firmware** — aircraft and remote controller on current stable version (per manufacturer). Known-issue check.
**7. Compass + GPS** — initial calibration if aircraft moved >100 miles since last flight. GPS lock with ≥7 satellites before takeoff.
**8. Control-surface response** — yaw, pitch, roll, throttle verification on a hover test (3-5 ft) before the planned mission.
**9. Payload** — securely attached, within MTOW, does not obstruct camera/sensors or the FOV of obstacle-avoidance sensors.
**10. Site** — airspace check (LAANC if applicable), TFR check, observer positions, bystander clearance, emergency landing options identified.